The common view of natural selection is based solely on the individual: A trait allows an organism to out-compete its rivals and is thus passed down to its offspring. To suggest otherwise can provoke ...

Individual biological variation refers to the naturally occurring differences in measurable biological characteristics among individuals of the same species, arising from the interplay of genetic, ...

At the individual plant level, we took a similar approach but enclosed the plants separately in small, transparent plastic bags," explains Pamela Medina van Berkum. Using state-of-the-art analytical ...

Starting from whole plant tissues and dissociating cells (protoplasts) or nuclei from the tissue, RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis by reverse transcription, library preparation followed by sequencing, ...

Microtubules form a dynamic, filamentous network that underpins plant cell morphology, division and response to external stimuli. Organised predominantly as cortical arrays beneath the plasma membrane ...